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  • The eye is an important indicator of rheumatologic disease. A wide variety of ophthalmic clinical manifestations exist including inflammation of the cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, episclera, sclera, uvea (including anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis), and ophthalmic blood vessels.
    Clinical Features
    The most common presenting signs include dry eye , eye pain, photophobia, decreased vision, burning, itching, watering (epiphora), and redness. Various ocular signs and symptoms are characteristic of different rheumatologic diseases

    Eye Manifestation Rheumatologic Associations
    Dry eyes and mouth Sjögren’s syndrome
    Rheumatoid arthritis
    Uveitis Reactive arthritis
    Psoriatic arthritis
    AS
    Vasculitis
    Scleritis, episcleritis RA
    Vasculitis
    Relapsing polychondritis

    Treatment
    It requires a multidisciplinary approach in collaboration with ophthalmologist. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention helps in preventing visual loss. Treatment may include glucocorticoids either oral, IV or topical along with other immunosuppressive drugs.